Rheumatology is a branch of Internal Medicine dedicated for the diagnosis and treatment of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases. Rheumatology includes many diseases in relation with joints, bones, ligaments and soft tissues. These diseases can include immune system, and other organs like skin, eyes, kidneys, heart, lungs, brain, peripheral nervous system, gastrointestinal and liver in addition to other organs not mentioned here. Therefore, we called them systemic diseases because they involve more than system (organ) in the body in addition or in absence of joints inflammation (arthritis).

A Rheumatologist is a physician who has undergone formal training in Internal Medicine and Rheumatology (Adult Rheumatologist) or a Pediatrician who received further training in the diagnosis and treatment of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (Pediatric Rheumatologist).

Rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases are more than 200 different diseases and disorders, an example would be rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, connective tissue diseases, vasculitis, Behçet disease, psoriatic arthritis, osteoporosis. They also include many other orders will cause joint and muscle ache as low back pain, cervical spine pain, shoulders, hips, knees, ankles, and feet pain.